Molecular Basis of Inheritance Biology NEET Quiz Online

No. of Questions in Quiz	35 with Explanation
Time for each Questions	60 Seconds
Attempts Allowed	Unlimited
Available	Always
Pass Percentage	70 %

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#1. All of the following are part of an operon except

an operator

structural genes

a promoter

an enhancer

Enhancer sequences are present in eukaryotes.
Operon concept is for prokaryotes.

#2. Adjacent nucleotides in a polynucleotide chain are joined by

N-glycosidic bond

Phosphodiester bond

O-glycosidic bond

Hydrogen bond

Coding strand and mRNA has same nucleotide sequence except, ‘T’ – Thymine is replaced by ‘U’–Uracil in mRNA.

#3. Select the correct match

Alec Jeffreys - Streptococcus pneumoniae

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase - TMV

Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod - Lac operon

Matthew Meselson and F. Stahl -Pisum sativum

Francois Jacob and Jacque Monod proposed model of gene regulation known as operon model/lac operon. – Alec Jeffreys – DNA fingerprinting technique. – Matthew Meselson and F. Stahl – Semi-conservative DNA replication in E. coli. – Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase – Proved DNA as genetic material not protein

#4. The experimental proof for semiconservative replication of DNA was first shown in a

Fungus

Bacterium

Virus

Plant

Semi-conservative DNA replication was first shown in Bacterium Escherichia coli by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl.

#5. If there are 999 bases in an RNA that codes for a protein with 333 amino acids, and the base at position 901 is deleted such that the length of the RNA becomes 998 bases, how many codons will be altered?

333

If deletion occurs at 901 position the remaining 98 bases specifying for 33 codons of amino acids will be altered.

#6. The final proof for DNA as the genetic material came from the experiments of

Griffith

Hershey and Chase

Avery, Mcleod and McCarty

Hargobind Khorana

Hershey and Chase gave unequivocal proof which ended the debate between protein and DNA as genetic material.

#7. The association of histone H1 with a nucleosome indicates

Transcription is occurring

DNA replication is occurring

The DNA is condensed into a Chromatin Fibre

The DNA double helix is exposed

The association of H1 protein indicates the complete formation of nucleosome. Therefore the DNA is in condensed form.

#8. Spliceosomes are not found in cells of

Plants

Fungi

Animals

Bacteria

Spliceosomes are used in removal of introns during post-transcriptional processing of hnRNA in eukaryotes only as split genes are absent as prokaryotes.

#9. DNA replication in bacteria occurs

During S-phase

Within nucleolus

Prior to fission

Just before transcription

DNA replication in bacteria occurs prior to fission. Prokaryotes do not show well marked S-phase due to their primitive nature.

#10. Which of the following RNAs should be most abundant in animal cell?

r-RNA

t-RNA

m-RNA

mi-RNA

rRNA is most abundant in animal cell. It constitutes 80% of total RNA of the cell.

#11. During DNA replication, Okazaki fragments are used to enlongate

The leading strand towards replication fork

The lagging strand towards replication fork

The leading strand away from replication fork

The lagging strand away from the replication fork

Two DNA polymerase molecules work simultaneous on the lagging strand.

Each Okazaki fragment is synthesized by DNA polymerase at lagging strand in 5′ → 3′ direction. New Okazaki fragments appear as the replication fork opens further.

As the first Okazaki fragment appears away from the replication fork, the direction of elongation would be away from replication fork.

#12. Taylor conducted the experiments to prove semiconservative mode of chromosome replication on

Vinca rosea

Vicia faba

Drosophila melanogaster

E. coli

Semiconservative mode of chromosome replication was proved by Taylor in Vicia faba.

#13. The equivalent of a structural gene is

Muton

Cistron

Operon

Recon

Cistron is a segment of DNA coding for a polypeptide.

Eukaryotic structural gene is monocistronic whereas prokaryotic structural gene is polycistronic.

#14. Which of the following rRNAs acts as structural RNA as well as ribozyme in bacteria?

5 S rRNA

18 S rRNA

23 S rRNA

5.8 S rRNA

23S rRNA is a component of larger subunit of ribosome and it act as peptidyl transferase (ribozyme).

#15. DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes transcription on one strand of the DNA which is called the

Template strand

Coding strand

Alpha strand

Antistrand

The DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyze the polymerisation in only one direction that is 5′ → 3′, the strand with polarity 5′ → 3′ act as template and is called as template strand.

#16. Which of the following is required as inducer(s) for the expression of Lac operon?

Lactose and Galactose

Glucose

Galactose

Lactose

Lac operon is an inducible operon. Lactose is the substrate for the enzyme beta-galactosidase and it also regulates switching on and off of the operon. Hence, it is termed as inducer.

#17. Which of the following is not required for any of the techniques of DNA fingerprinting available at present?

DNA-DNA hybridization

Polymerase chain reaction

Zinc finger analysis

Restriction enzymes

A zinc finger is a small protein structural motif that characterised by the co-ordination of one or more Zn ions in order to stabilise the folds.

#18. Which one of the following is the start codon?

UAG

AUG

UGA

UAA

AUG is the start codon. UAA, UAG and UGA are stop codons.

#19. Identify the correct order of organisation of genetic material from largest to smallest

Chromosome, genome, nucleotide, gene

Chromosome, gene, genome, nucleotide

Genome, chromosome, nucleotide, gene

Genome, chromosome, gene, nucleotide

#20. Satellite DNA is important because it

Code for enzymes needed for DNA replication

Codes for proteins needed in cell cycle

Shows high degree of polymorphism in population and also the same degree of polymorphism in an individual, which is heritable from parents to children

Does not code for proteins and is same in all members of the population

Satellite DNA are the repetitive DNA which do not code for any protein. They show high degree of polymorphism and form basis of DNA fingerprinting. Since DNA from every tissue from an individual show the same degree of polymorphism, they become very useful identification tool in forensic applications.

#21. Gene regulation governing lactose operon of E.coli that involves the lac I gene product is

Feedback inhibition because excess of β-galactosidase can switch off transcription

Positive and inducible because it can be induced by lactose

Negative and inducible because repressor protein prevents transcription

Negative and repressible because repressor protein prevents transcription

Lac operon under control of repressor is a negative regulation. The nature of operon is inducible.

#22. Which one of the followings is wrongly matched?

Transcription- Writing information from DNA to t-RNA

Translation-Using information in m-RNA to make protein

Repressor protein-Binds to operator to stop enzyme synthesis

Operon-Structural genes, operator and promoter

Operon → Structural, Operator, Promoter and Regulator genes.

#23. Transformation was discovered by

Meselson and Stahl

Hershey and Chase

Griffith

Watson and Crick

On Diplococcus pneumoniae

#24. Which enzyme/s will be produced in a cell in which there is a nonsense mutation in the lac Y gene?

Lactose permease

Transacetylase

Lactose permease and transacetylase

Beta -galactosidase

#25. Removal of RNA polymerase III from nucleoplasm will affect the synthesis of

mRNA

rRNA

tRNA

hnRNA

Polymerase III → Synthesize tRNA

#26. Removal of introns and joining of exons in a defined order during transcription is called

Slicing

Splicing

Looping

Inducing

#27. Which one of the following is not a part of a transcription unit in DNA?

A promoter

The structural gene

The inducer

A terminator

Inducer → is a chemical which will trigger the DNA to switch on gene in its presence.

#28. If one strand of DNA has the nitrogenous base sequence as ATCTG, what would be the complementary RNA strand sequence?

AACTG

ATCGU

TTAGU

UAGAC

A T C T G

U A G A C

#29. PCR and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism are the methods for

DNA sequencing

Genetic fingerprinting

Study of enzymes

Genetic transformation

PCR and RFLP

#30. What is it that forms the basis of DNA fingerprinting?

Satellite DNA occurring as highly repeated short DNA segments

The relative proportions of purines and pyrimidines in DNA

The relative difference in the DNA occurrence in blood, skin and saliva

The relative amount of DNA in the ridges and grooves of the fingerprints

Satellite DNA occur in highly repeated member.

#31. Which one of the following also acts as a catalyst in a bacterial cell?

23 S rRNA

5 S rRNA

sn RNA

hn RNA

#32. What are those structures that appear as 'beads – on – string' in the chromosomes when viewed under electron microscope?

Base pairs

Genes

Nucleotides

Nucleosomes

#33. In history of biology, human genome project led to the development of

Bioinformatics

Biosystematics

Biotechnology

Biomonitoring

#34. The unequivocal proof of DNA as the genetic material came from the studies on a

Viroid

Bacterial virus