Locomotion and Movement Biology Quiz for NEET

tetany is muscular spasm due to low calcium in body fluid.

Myasthenia gravis is an anto immume disorder leading to paralysis of skeletal muscles.

Botulism is rare and dangerous type of food poisoning caused by bacterium Clostridium Botulinum.

Synovial joints are freely movable joint which allow considerable movements. Pivot joint is a type of synovial joint which provide rotational movement as in between atlas and axis vertebrae of vertebral column.

Calcium ions bind with TpC unit of troponin which is responsible for unmasking of active sites for myosin for crossbridge activity during muscles contraction.

Sustained muscle contraction due to repeated stimulus is known as tetanus.

Formation of RBC i.e. erythropoiesis occurs in bone marrow.

In fibrous joints, bones are firmly fixed together by strong collagen fibres.

Scapula has a shallow articular surface called glenoid cavity. This articulates with the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint.

The junction between a motor neuron and the sarcolemma of the muscle fibre is called neuromuscular junction or motor end plate.

The vertebral column has 12 thoracic vertebrae. The joint between adjacent vertebrae is a cartilaginous joint.

A decreased level of estrogen in female causes osteoporosis.

Muscles of limb are striated and voluntary.

Muscles of Heart are striated and Involuntary.

Muscles of intestine are unstriated and involuntary.

Low level of calcium in the extracellular fluid / blood plasma leads to increase in the excitability of the excitatory cells i.e., muscles and nerves and thus muscle shows sustained contracted state known as tetany.

Gout : due to accumulation of uric acid.

Anaemia : deficiency of iron.

Angina pectoris : A symptom of acute chest pain appears when not enough oxygen is reaching the heart muscle.

A band is present in the middle of the sarcomere.

H-zone is present in the middle of the A-band

M-line is present in the middle of H-zone.

In urinary bladder involuntary smooth muscle fibres are present.

Pharynx, oesophagus and tongue are under the voluntary control.

In a contracted muscle fibre, following happens –

•  H-zone shortens
•  I-band shortens
•  A-band remains constant.

Just Above Question we mentioned about this topic

Hyoid bone : is also known as tongue bone because tongue is attached to this single bone.

Mandible : Jaw bone

Coccyx : tail bone

Neutrophils (WBCs) and macrophages show pseudopodial movement.

Specialised tissue such as muscle, bones and cartilage originate from mesoderm.

The sheath that covers the muscle is epimysium.

Mesoderm – germ layer

The sheath that covers a single muscle fibre is endomysium.

Tendons : Connect muscles to bones.

Ligament : Connect bone to bone.

Sarcolemma : Plasma membrane of the muscle fibre

Sarcoplasma : Cytoplasm of muscle fibre

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum : Endoplasmic reticulum of the muscle fibre.

Syncytial : A cell having multiple nuclei assumed to be formed by fusion.

The structural and functional unit of myofibril is known as sarcomere which is the section between two Z-lines.

Thick myofilaments : myosin

Thin myofilaments : actin, tropomyosin, troponin.

Meromyosin is the monomer of myosin.

ATP binding site is located on the myosin head where ATPase is present.