Human Health and Disease Biology Quiz for NEET

Heroin, commonly called smack and is chemically diacetylmorphine which is synthesized by acetylation of morphine.

The body is able to differentiate self and nonself and the cell-mediated response is responsible for graft rejection.

Salmonella typhi is the causative agent. Confirmatory test = Widal test, it’s based on antigen antibody reaction.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies are produced against the synovial membrane and cartilage.

Vitiligo causes white patches on skin also characterised as autoimmune disorder.

Psoriasis is a skin disease that causes itchy or sore patches of thick red skin and is also autoimmune whereas Alzheimer’s disease is due to deficiency of neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Elephantiasis is caused by roundworm, Wuchereria bancrofti and it is transmitted by Culex mosquito.

‘Smack’ also called as brown sugar/Heroin is formed by acetylation of morphine. It is obtained from the latex of unripe capsule of Poppy plant.

Non-acceptance or rejection of graft or transplanted tissues/organs is due to cell mediated immune response.

MALT is Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue and it constitutes about 50 percent of the lymphoid tissue in human body.

Cholera is caused by a bacterium Vibrio cholerae and tetanus is caused by a bacterium Clostridium tetani.

Causative agent of AIDS is HIV which is enveloped virus that contains two identical molecules of ssRNA and two molecules of reverse transcriptase.

Cancerous cells have high telomerase activity. Telomerase inhibitors are used in cancer treatment.

Oral polio vaccine consists of attenuated pathogen.

In autoimmune diseases, the immune cells are unable to distinguish between self cells and non-self cells and attack self cells.

Ozone is found in the upper part of the atmosphere called stratosphere and it acts as a shield absorbing ultraviolet radiation from sun and so its depletion can lead to incidence of skin cancers.

Cell mediated immunity (CMI) is responsible for graft rejection.

Antibodies are present in serum. They are glycoproteins and also called gammaglobulins synthesized in lymph nodes.

IgA is present in external body secretion including colostrum and milk. They provide naturally acquired passive immunity to child.

Chikungunya is caused by Arbovirus and transmitted through the bite of Aedes mosquito.

Macrophages are HIV factory, not destroyed by AIDS virus. HIV destroys Helper-T-cells, because after replication the virus is released by lysis of the cell.

Liver cancer can be caused due to aflatoxin (released by Aspergillus fungus), Vinyl chloride but UV-rays do not cause cancer of liver.

Entamoeba histolytica is present in the colon, feeds on mucosa and submucosa and can also phagocytose RBCs.

Amanita muscaria is noted for its hallucinogenic properties, with its main psychoactive constituent being the compound muscimol.

Fall in number of helper T-lymphocytes causes lowering of immunity.

Pneumonia pathogen infects alveoli whereas the common cold affects nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs.

With continued alcohol intake, there is destruction of hepatocytes and fibroblasts (cells which form fibres) and stimulation of collagen protein formation. This leads to Cirrhosis (liver damage from a variety of causes/ replacement of liver cells by fibrosis and lumps that occur due to attempted repair of damaged tissue) of liver.

They do not show contact inhibition. Contact inhibition is a properly of normal cells in which dividing cells when in contact with other cells are inhibited for their uncontrolled growth.

Gamete formation starts in human RBC’s but rest process continues in Anopheles (female) from mouth gametes enters into stomach and reproduce sexually to produce zygote.

Salivary glands of infected female Anopheles mosquito contains sporozoites.

Life cycle of malaria takes place in liver and RBC of human not in spleen.

Antibiotics are taken against bacterial infections not against viral infections. Common cold is an infectious disease.

Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton are fungi causing ring worm.