Biological Classification Quiz for NEET

Five kingdom classification is on the basis of
– Cell structure – Body organisation
– Reproduction – Mode of nutrition
– Phylogenetic analysis

NCERT Class 11th Page No.17 1st Paragraph Below Table 2.1

Two kingdom classification, proposed by Linnaeus kept bacteria in Plantae.

R.H. Whittaker proposed five kingdom classification (1969)

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Gymnosperm and Angiosperm – Kingdom-Plantae

Diatoms are chief producers of the ocean.

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Ciliates differs from other protozoans in having two types of nuclei.

eg. Paramoecium have two types of nuclei i.e. macronucleus & micronucleus.

NCERT Class 11th Page No.22 3rd Paragraph (Ciliated protozoans)

Animalia includes heterotrophic, eukaryotic, multicellular organism lacking a cell wall

NCERT Class 11th Page No.17 Table 2.1 Kingdom Animallia

Green sulphur bacteria do not use H₂O as source of proton, therefore they do not evolve O₂.

Reproduction in bacteria during favourable condition–fission (mainly)

Basidiospores are exogenously produced on the basidium.

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Cholera, Typhoid, Tetanus – Bacterial diseases

Dinoflagellates, Euglenoids & Slime moulds – Protista

Diatoms are the chief producers in the ocean.

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Pseudopodia are locomotory structures in sarcodines (Amoeboid)

The cell wall is absent in Mycoplasma.

Viroids are sub-viral agents as infectious RNA particles, without protein coat.

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Archaebacteria are able to survive in harsh conditions because of branched lipid chain in cell membrane which reduces fluidity of cell membrane.

Halophiles are exclusively found in saline habitats.

NCERT Class 11th Page No.19 (2.1.1 Archaebacteria)

NCERT Class 11th Page No.19 (2.1.1 Archaebacteria)

Mycoplasma are smallest, wall-less prokaryotes, pleomorphic in nature. These are pathogenic on both plants and animals.

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Slime moulds are haploid and diploid

Dinoflagellates are motile

Pellicle is present in Euglena

Cell wall of fungi is made up of chitin and polysaccharides.

NCERT Class 11th Page No.17 Table 2.1

• Features of dinoflagellates.
• Cell wall has stiff cellulose plates on the outer surface
• Release toxins
• Causes red tides
• Mostly marine and photosynthetic

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Methanogens, halophiles and thermoacidophiles are Archaebacteria.

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Slime moulds are saprophytic protists

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The cell walls of diatoms are embedded with silica and thus the walls are indestructible.

Diatomaceous earth – Silicon

NCERT Class 11th Page No.21 (2.2.1 Chrysophytes) 5th Line

Eubacteria are true bacteria.

In presence of light – Photosynthetic

In absence of light – Heterotrophic

Mixotrophic (Euglenoids)

NCERT Class 11th Page No.21 (2.2.3 Euglenoids)

All single celled eukaryotes like chrysophytes [diatoms and desmids], Euglenoids [Euglena], Dinoflagellates and slime moulds are included in kingdom –Protista.

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Sexual reproduction in fungi has three stages

(a) Plasmogamy : Fusion of protoplasm of male and female gametes.

(b) Karyogamy : Fusion of nuclei = Diploid = Zygote

(c) Meiosis : Reductional division

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Heterocysts present in Anabaena is specialised for nitrogen fixation

NCERT Class 11th Page No.19 Figure 2.2 (Figure is Very important Already Questions Asked in NEET with this Figure)

Cell wall of most fungi is made up of chitin.

NCERT Class 11th Page No.17 Table 2.1

Fungi

• Reproduce asexually and sexually
• Great diversity in structure and habitat
• Most of fungi are saprophytic.
• Lower fungi reproduces by zoospores

NCERT Class 11th Page No.20 (2.2 First Line)